ALS (Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis)
Also known as ALS or Lou Gehrig’s disease—a progressive motor neuron disease affecting voluntary muscle control.
Symptoms
- Muscle cramps or twitching
- Weakness beginning in limbs
- Difficulty speaking or swallowing
- Respiratory decline
- Muscle atrophy
Causes & Risk Factors
- Genetic mutations (SOD1, C9orf72)
- Age (40–60)
- Male gender
- Environmental toxins
Diagnosis
- EMG and nerve conduction
- MRI to exclude other causes
- Neurological exam
- Swallow and respiratory function tests
Effective Treatment Options
- Riluzole or edaravone
- Physiotherapy for mobility and safety
- Speech and swallow therapy
- Respiratory support
- Palliative care
Frequently Asked Questions
Is ALS fatal?
Yes—most patients survive 2–5 years after diagnosis, though new treatments may extend life.
Can therapy help?
Yes—therapy helps maintain mobility, independence, and comfort.
