Condition guide
Emphysema - Overview
A chronic lung condition that damages the alveoli, causing difficulty exhaling and reduced oxygen exchange.
Symptoms
- Shortness of breath during activity
- Chronic cough with mucus
- Wheezing
- Fatigue
- Unintentional weight loss
Causes & Risk Factors
- Long-term smoking
- Air pollution or occupational exposure
- Genetic alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency
Diagnosis
- Spirometry
- Chest X‑ray or CT scan
- Oxygen saturation test
- Arterial blood gas
Effective Treatment Options
- Bronchodilators and inhaled steroids
- Oxygen therapy
- Pulmonary rehab
- Nutritional support
- Smoking cessation
Frequently Asked Questions
Is emphysema the same as COPD?
Emphysema is a type of COPD involving alveolar damage.
Can emphysema be reversed?
Damage is irreversible, but treatment can improve symptoms.
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