Muscular Dystrophy
Muscular dystrophy is a group of genetic diseases that cause progressive weakness and loss of muscle mass due to defects in muscle proteins.
Symptoms
- Progressive muscle weakness
- Difficulty walking or climbing stairs
- Frequent falls
- Muscle cramps
- Curvature of the spine (in later stages)
- Heart and respiratory muscle involvement (in advanced cases)
Causes & Risk Factors
- Genetic mutations (e.g., dystrophin gene in Duchenne)
- Family history of the disorder
- X-linked inheritance (most common in males)
Diagnosis
- Genetic testing and family history
- Muscle biopsy
- Electromyography (EMG)
- Creatine kinase (CK) blood test
- MRI of muscles
Effective Treatment Options
- Physiotherapy to maintain mobility
- Occupational therapy for daily tasks
- Steroid medications (e.g., prednisone)
- Orthotics and mobility aids
- Breathing support if needed
Frequently Asked Questions
Can muscular dystrophy be cured?
There is no cure, but treatment can improve quality of life and slow progression.
What’s the role of physiotherapy?
It helps maintain flexibility, delay contractures, and improve daily function.
